Pamene eni minda yoyendera dzuwa amayesetsa kupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito ndi magwiridwe antchito awo, njira zama waya za DC sizinganyalanyazidwe.Kutsatira kutanthauzira kwa miyezo ya IEC ndikuganizira zinthu monga chitetezo, kupindula kwa mbali ziwiri, mphamvu yonyamula chingwe, kutayika kwa chingwe ndi kutsika kwamagetsi, eni ake a zomera amatha kudziwa chingwe choyenera kuonetsetsa kuti ntchito yotetezeka komanso yokhazikika pa moyo wonse wa photovoltaic dongosolo.
Kuchita kwa ma modules a dzuwa m'munda kumakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chilengedwe.Kuzungulira kwakanthawi kochepa pa pepala la data la PV kumatengera mikhalidwe yoyeserera kuphatikiza 1kw / m2, mpweya wowoneka bwino wa 1.5, ndi kutentha kwa cell 25 c.Mapepala a data panopa samaganiziranso za kumbuyo kwa ma modules awiri, kotero kupititsa patsogolo mtambo ndi zina;Kutentha;Peak irradiance;Kumbuyo kwapamwamba kwambiri komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi albedo kumakhudza kwambiri mawonekedwe afupipafupi amakono a photovoltaic modules.
Kusankha zosankha za chingwe pama projekiti a PV, makamaka ma projekiti a mbali ziwiri, kumaphatikizapo kuganizira zambiri.
Sankhani chingwe choyenera
Zingwe za Dc ndizothandiza pamakina a PV chifukwa amalumikiza ma module ku bokosi la msonkhano ndi inverter.
Mwini zomera ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti kukula kwa chingwe kumasankhidwa mosamala malinga ndi zamakono ndi magetsi a photovoltaic system.Zingwe zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza gawo la DC la makina a PV olumikizidwa ndi gridi amafunikiranso kupirira zomwe zitha kukhala zachilengedwe, magetsi komanso momwe zinthu ziliri pano.Izi zikuphatikizapo kutentha kwa mphamvu zamakono ndi dzuwa, makamaka ngati zaikidwa pafupi ndi module.
Nazi zina zofunika kuziganizira.
Kukhazikika kwa wiring design
Popanga dongosolo la PV, kulingalira kwanthawi yayitali kungayambitse kusankhira bwino zida ndikupangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta zachitetezo chanthawi yayitali komanso magwiridwe antchito, kuphatikiza zotulukapo zowopsa monga moto.Zinthu zotsatirazi ziyenera kuwunikiridwa mosamala kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira zachitetezo cha dziko:
Kutsika kwamagetsi amagetsi: Kutayika kwa chingwe cha solar PV kuyenera kukhala kochepa, kuphatikiza kutayika kwa DC mu chingwe cha solar panel ndi kutayika kwa AC pakutulutsa kwa inverter.Njira imodzi yochepetsera kutayika kumeneku ndikuchepetsa kutsika kwamagetsi mu chingwe.Kutsika kwamagetsi a DC nthawi zambiri kuyenera kukhala kochepa kuposa 1% osati kupitirira 2%.Kutsika kwa magetsi a DC kumapangitsanso kufalikira kwa ma voliyumu a zingwe za PV zolumikizidwa ndi njira yofananira yamphamvu yamagetsi (MPPT), zomwe zimapangitsa kutayika kwakukulu kosagwirizana.
Kutayika kwa chingwe: Kuonetsetsa kuti mphamvu zimachokera, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti kutayika kwa chingwe kwa chingwe chonse chotsika kwambiri (kuchokera ku module kupita ku transformer) kusapitirire 2%, makamaka 1.5%.
Kuthekera kwapakali pano: Kuchepetsa zinthu za chingwe, monga njira yoyika chingwe, kukwera kwa kutentha, mtunda wokhazikika, ndi kuchuluka kwa zingwe zofananira, zidzachepetsa mphamvu yonyamula chingwe.
Miyezo iwiri ya IEC
Miyezo ndi yofunikira kuti zitsimikizire kudalirika, chitetezo ndi ubwino wa machitidwe a photovoltaic, kuphatikizapo mawaya.Padziko lonse lapansi, pali miyezo ingapo yovomerezeka yogwiritsira ntchito zingwe za DC.Seti yokwanira kwambiri ndi muyezo wa IEC.
IEC 62548 imakhazikitsa zofunikira pamapangidwe amtundu wa photovoltaic, kuphatikiza ma waya amtundu wa DC, zida zoteteza magetsi, masiwichi ndi zofunikira zoyambira.Zolemba zaposachedwa kwambiri za IEC 62548 zimatchula njira yowerengera yaposachedwa yama module okhala ndi mbali ziwiri.IEC 61215: 2021 Imafotokoza tanthawuzo ndi zofunikira zoyezetsa zama module a photovoltaic a mbali ziwiri.Miyezo ya kuyezetsa kwa dzuwa kwa zigawo za mbali ziwiri imayambitsidwa.BNPI (pawiri-mbali nameplate irradiance): Kutsogolo kwa PV module imalandira 1 kW / m2 kuwala kwa dzuwa, ndipo kumbuyo kumalandira 135 W / m2;BSI (Double-sided stress irradiance), kumene gawo la PV limalandira kuwala kwa dzuwa kwa 1 kW/m2 kutsogolo ndi 300 W/m2 kumbuyo.
Chitetezo chambiri
Chipangizo chachitetezo cha overcurrent chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza zoopsa zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha kuchuluka, kufupikitsa, kapena kuwonongeka kwapansi.Zida zodzitchinjiriza zodziwika bwino kwambiri ndi zophwanya ma circuit ndi ma fuse.
Chipangizo chachitetezo chopitilira muyeso chidzadula dera ngati chosinthira chakumbuyo chikupitilira mtengo wachitetezo chapano, kotero kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo komwe kukuyenda kudzera pa chingwe cha DC sichidzakhala chapamwamba kuposa chomwe chidavotera pakali pano.Mphamvu yonyamulira ya chingwe cha DC iyenera kukhala yofanana ndi yomwe idavoteledwa pazida zodzitchinjiriza.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-22-2022